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A town square is an open public space〔Pages 8-3 and 78 in ''Watch this Space: Designing, Defending, and Sharing Public Space'', by Hadley Dyer and Marc Ngui, Kids Can Press (2010), hardcover, 80 pages, ISBN 9781554532933〕 commonly found in the heart of a traditional town used for community gatherings. Other names for ''town square'' are ''civic center'', ''city square'', ''urban square'', ''market square'', ''public square'', ''piazza'', ''plaza'', and ''town green''. Most town squares are hardscapes suitable for open markets, music concerts, political rallies, and other events that require firm ground. Being centrally located, town squares are usually surrounded by small shops such as bakeries, meat markets, cheese stores, and clothing stores. At their center is often a fountain, well, monument, or statue. Many of those with fountains are actually called fountain square. ==Urban planning== In urban planning, a city square or urban square is a planned open area in a city, usually or originally rectangular in shape. *Red Square in Moscow was originally used as an outdoor marketplace and later became the stage for Soviet military parades and May Day demonstrations. *Palace Square in St Petersburg was designed to be the central square of Imperial Russia and ironically became the setting of revolutionary protests that led to the overthrow of monarchy during the February Revolution of 1917. *Similarly, Beijing's Tiananmen Square was the scene of both communist parades and anti-government protests. *John-F.-Kennedy-Platz (formerly Rudolph-Wilde-Platz) was the site of the West Berlin town hall and John F. Kennedy's famous Ich bin ein Berliner speech. *New York City's Times Square as well as Bryant Park; Washington, D.C.'s National Mall; or Kennedy Plaza in Providence often fill this role for the United States. *Trafalgar Square in London does the same for the United Kingdom. *Saint Peter's Square in Vatican City, the papal enclave within Rome, Italy. *Yonge-Dundas Square in Toronto is a renowned and famous square in Canada. *Nathan Phillips Square is a popular square in front of Toronto's landmark City Hall. *Hviezdoslavovo námestie is one of the best-known squares in Bratislava (Slovakia) and a centre of a social life. *Dam Square in Amsterdam for the Netherlands. *Three squares: Main Market Square, Kraków, Town Square in Piotrków Trybunalski and Castle Square, Warsaw for Poland. *The City Hall Square, Copenhagen for Denmark *Trg Republike, Belgrade for Serbia *Praça do Comércio (or Commerce Square), in Lisbon, Portugal, was formerly known as the Terreiro do Paço (Palace Court). It was destroyed after the 1755 Lisbon earthquake but was rebuilt and renamed to indicate its new function in the economy of Lisbon. The symmetrical buildings around the square hold government bureaus and ministries. *Wenceslas Square is one of the main city squares in the New Town of Prague, Czech Republic. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Town square」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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